General info
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Climate
Hungary has predominantly a continental climate with abundant sunshine and agreeable temperature conditions.

Horticulture
Vegetable, fruit and vine growing are of great value in Hungary's economy. The predominantly continental climate with abundant sunshine and agreeable temperature conditions is favourable for the production of most horticultural crops. In certain years the lack of rainfall can, however, be a limiting factor, causing losses even in irrigated cultures. The most important vegetable crops are tomatoes, peppers, green peas, onions, cucumbers, watermelons.

The largest vegetable growing areas are situated between the rivers Danube and Tisza, in the South, and in the north-eastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain. Besides field vegetable production, there is also a considerable production of early vegetables under plastics almost all over the country. Hungarian climatic conditions are especially favourable for high quality vegetable and flower seed production.
The main fruit producing regions as well as the main fruit crops are the following: north-eastern Great Hungarian Plain and south-western borderland (apples), Danube-Tisza region (apricots, cherries, sour cherries): the Danube-bend and the hilly countryside of North- and West Hungary (soft or small fruits): the environs of Buda and Szeged (peaches). Plums are grown all over the country. Nurseries have been established mainly in the Danube-Tisza region, near Budapest and Szeged.
The commercial production of cut flowers and pot plants has developed near the large towns, further in the South of the Great Hungarian Plain and in the western borderland.

Distribution of Horticulture
The largest vegetable growing areas are situated between the rivers Danube and Tisza, in the South, and in the north-eastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain. Besides field vegetable production, there is also a considerable production of early vegetables under plastics almost all over the country. Hungarian climatic conditions are especially favourable for high quality vegetable and flower seed production.

The main fruit producing regions as well as the main fruit crops are the following: north-eastern Great Hungarian Plain and south-western borderland (apples), Danube-Tisza region (apricots, cherries, sour cherries): the Danube-bend and the hilly countryside of North- and West Hungary (soft or small fruits): the environs of Buda and Szeged (peaches). Plums are grown all over the country. Nurseries have been established mainly in the Danube-Tisza region, near Budapest and Szeged.
The commercial production of cut flowers and pot plants has developed near the large towns, further in the South of the Great Hungarian Plain and in the western borderland.

Research Thrusts
Main sources for research funding are: the Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Development, the Ministry of Technological Development (OMFB), the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Environment Protection and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The Department for Agricultural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences has no horticultural research institutions of its own though by elaborating concepts and priorities for both research end education, and by providing occasional granting, it has a decisive influence on scientific programs and education. The majority of research priorities (concepts) are laid down by the Ministry of Agriculture on the basis of proposals elaborated by special project teams.

Nature of Institutes
Horticultural research is carried out by the departments of the University of Horticulture and Food Industry, by the horticulture departments of Agricultural Universities, by horticultural research institutes and some departments in other research institutes. All institutes have special farms for research and education.

The institutions of higher education (universities and colleges) are supervised by the Ministry of Education, the research institutions either by the Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Development, or the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, some of them function as an enterprise, company, or shareholders company.
The Hungarian Society for Agricultural Science has an individual Horticultural Section and several branches of horticulture are represented in the various sections of the Society. Within the Department for Agricultural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences there is an elected Committee for Horticulture with sub-committees for all major production branches of horticulture. In Hungary, ISHS is represented by a National Committee and a Hungarian Section of ISHS that has more than 50 members.
Scientific journals in English are: Acta Agronomica Hungarica, Acta Botanica Hungarica, Acta Microbiologica, and Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica. Those in Hungarian with an English summary are: Kertgazdaság (Horticulture), Kertészeti Tudomány (Horticultural Science), and Agrokémia és Talajtan (Agrochemistry and Soil Science.

Organisations / Institutes:
University of Debrecen Institute for Extension and Development
Szent István University Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Development
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
University of Horticulture and Food Industry, Budapest
Enterprise for Research and Extension in Fruit Growing and Ornamentals
University of Agricultural Sciences, Debrecen
Pannon Agricultural University
Research Institute for Agricultural Economics and Information
Research Institute for Medicinal Plants Corporation, Budakalász
Institute for Tobacco Research and Quality Development, Debrecen

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